When couples struggle to conceive, one of the lesser-known but significant causes of infertility is HYDROSALPINX. This condition affects the fallopian tubes, impairing their ability to facilitate fertilization and pregnancy. Understanding hydrosalpinx, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment can help women make informed decisions about their reproductive health. At Isha Women's Hospital, Dr Chinmay Pataki one of the best gynaecologists and laparoscopic surgeons of Mumbai specialized in diagnosing and treating hydrosalpinx to restore fertility and enhance reproductive health.

What is Hydrosalpinx?

Hydrosalpinx is when one or both fallopian tubes become blocked and filled with fluid due to an infection or inflammation. The name is derived from the words: “hydro” (water) and “salpinx” (tube), indicating the presence of fluid inside the fallopian tube. This fluid accumulation prevents the egg from travelling through the tube, leading to infertility.

Causes of Hydrosalpinx
Several factors can contribute to the development of hydrosalpinx, including:
 
·       Pelvic Infections: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia and gonorrhoea can cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), leading to scarring and fluid buildup in the fallopian tubes.

• Endometriosis: This condition causes endometrial-like tissue to grow outside the uterus, leading to tubal blockages.
• Previous Pelvic Surgery: Surgeries involving the uterus, ovaries, or fallopian tubes can cause adhesions, leading to blockages.
• Ectopic Pregnancy: A previous ectopic pregnancy can leave scarring in the fallopian tubes, causing hydrosalpinx.

·       Tuberculosis: Genital tuberculosis, though rare, can cause hydrosalpinx

Symptoms of Hydrosalpinx
Hydrosalpinx often does not cause noticeable symptoms, making it difficult to diagnose without medical evaluation. However, some women may experience:

•   Mild to moderate pelvic pain
•   Unusual vaginal discharge
•   Painful intercourse
•   Menstrual irregularities
•   Difficulty in conceiving despite trying for over a year.
•   Occasional or chronic pain in the lower abdomen.

Diagnosis of Hydrosalpinx
Since hydrosalpinx is often asymptomatic, it is usually discovered during fertility investigations. Common diagnostic methods include:
·       Ultrasound: A pelvic ultrasound can sometimes detect a swollen, fluid-filled fallopian tube.
·       Hysterosalpingography (HSG): This specialized X-ray uses contrast dye to check for blockages in the fallopian tubes.
·       Laparoscopy: A minimally invasive surgical procedure that provides direct visualization of the tubes and surrounding organs.


How Hydrosalpinx Affects Fertility?
Hydrosalpinx significantly reduces the chances of natural conception by:
·       Preventing the sperm from meeting the egg due to tubal blockage.
·       Washing away the embryo or damaging the endometrial lining when the toxic fluid leaks into the uterus, reducing implantation chances.
·       Increasing the risk of ectopic pregnancy if the blockage is partial.


Can Pregnancy Occur with Hydrosalpinx?
Natural conception is highly unlikely if both tubes are affected. Even if one tube remains open, the toxic fluid from the blocked tube can negatively impact fertility. Therefore, IVF after tubal removal or blockage correction is often the best option for achieving pregnancy.

Hydrosalpinx is a silent but significant cause of infertility that requires timely diagnosis and treatment. If you have been trying to conceive without success, consulting a fertility specialist is crucial. At Isha Women's Hospital, Dr Chinmay Pataki one of the best gynaecologists and fertility specialists of Mumbai offers advanced diagnostic and treatment options for hydrosalpinx to help you on your journey to parenthood.

If you are experiencing infertility concerns or have been diagnosed with hydrosalpinx, book a consultation with Dr Chinmay Pataki today at Isha Women's Hospital, the best fertility centre in Mumbai. We are here to guide you every step of the way to achieving your dream of becoming a parent.